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Disertaciones |
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1
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KAROLYNE MOURA NASCIMENTO
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Capacidade antioxidante de óleos essenciais de Ocimum gratissimum L. e Thymus vulgaries em carne suína
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Líder : ALINE MONDINI CALIL RACANICCI
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ALINE MONDINI CALIL RACANICCI
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ANGELA PATRICIA SANTANA
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MARCIO ANTONIO MENDONCA
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FRANCISLETE RODRIGUES MELO
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Data: 23-feb-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Não se aplica.
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2
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FLAVIA SANTANA LIMA
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Detection of Intestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli and its Antimicrobial Resistance in Dogs Attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Brasilia
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Líder : SIMONE PERECMANIS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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SIMONE PERECMANIS
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ANGELA PATRICIA SANTANA
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GIANE REGINA PALUDO
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LORENA FERNANDES ARRUDA
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Data: 26-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Intestinal pathogenic strains can affect different animals, including humans, mainly causing diarrhea, and the main virulence factors may be the presence of certain adhesins, toxins and mobile genetic elements. The occurrence of diarrheal diseases related to intestinal pathogenic E. coli is higher in places with poor basic sanitation. The growing antimicrobial resistance of E. coli strains has also been a challenge regarding the treatment of these infections. The occurrence of these bacteria in a variety of animals and the close proximity of tutors and their domestic animals raise concerns about the zoonotic potential of these microorganisms. This search aimed to detect intestinal pathogenic E. coli strains in feces of dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Brasília, a possible correlation between the occurrence of these strains and the basic sanitation of the animal's place of residence and the antimicrobial sensitivity of these isolates. For this, fecal samples were collected from 66 dogs attended at the medical clinic, from which E. coli was isolated from 54 samples. A questionnaire was also applied to the tutors with questions related to information about the animals and basic sanitation conditions in the residence. These 54 strains were tested in PCR for some of the main genes of intestinal pathogenic E. coli: eae, F41, K99, LT-1, LT-2, STa, STb, Stx1 and Stx2. The antibiogram of these strains was performed to test sensitivity to the following antibiotics: amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, aztreonam, cephalexin, cefepime, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, marbofloxacin, meropenem, sulfazotrim, sulfonamides, tetracycline and tobramycin . Five samples were positive for the presence of the intimin gene (eae) (9.3%). It was identified that of the four residences that had rudimentary pits for wastewater disposal, in two (50%) animals with E. coli eae+ result were identified. Antimicrobial resistance was widely detected in most of the isolates, with penicillin antibiotics associated with β-lactamase inhibitors and fluoroquinolones as those with the highest sensitivity, but still with a significant number of resistant strains. Research on the occurrence of E. coli, including the emergence of new pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant strains, prevention and control must be continuous and have the concept of one health as central in these approaches, given the complexity of factors that determine this occurrence, with humans, animals and the environment as fundamental pieces for a better understanding and decision-making.
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3
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AMANDA DE OLIVEIRA ALVES
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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF Staphylococcus aureus ISOLATED FROM BOVINE MASTITIS.
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Líder : SIMONE PERECMANIS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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SIMONE PERECMANIS
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ANGELA PATRICIA SANTANA
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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PAULA SUZANA ELISA MACIEL POLL
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Data: 26-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Staphylococcus aureus is commonly isolated in cases of subclinical mastitis in cattle, leading to significant damage to milk-producing tissues due to toxin release and resistance to treatment. Bovine mastitis poses a substantial economic impact on milk production, resulting in substantial losses for producers due to its complex and multifactorial nature, often involving various pathogens, notably staphylococci and streptococci bacterial groups. In the context of Brazil, bovine mastitis represents a relevant health issue, with production losses, animal disposal, and antibiotic usage potentially leading to residual effects in milk, compromising product quality and public health. This situation is associated with outbreaks of foodborne infections and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance analysis indicated higher resistance to clarithromycin (100%), doxycycline (92.9%), linezolid (92.9%), and clindamycin (89.3%), and lower resistance to nitrofurantoin (10.7%), gentamicin (17.9%), vancomycin (17.9%), oxacillin (25%), cefotaxime (32.1%), ciprofloxacin (32.1%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (39.3%). Nitrofurantoin exhibited the highest sensitivity profile, reaching 89.3%, followed by gentamicin and vancomycin reaching 82,1%. Regarding molecular identification, all strains were confirmed by the species-specific AroA gene. Amplified fragment sizes were observed for the CoA gene. The MecA gene was not detected in any sample, while the β-lactam resistance gene blaZ was present in 89.7% of samples. The tetK, tetM, vanA, and vanB genes showed positive reactions at 10/28 (34.5%), 10/28 (34.5%), 5/28 (17.2%), and 9/28 (31%) respectively. The results highlight a high profile of antimicrobial resistance to specific antibiotic classes and emphasize the importance of an accurate diagnosis to guide treatment decisions, given the microorganisms' genetic diversity and abundance of resistance genes.
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4
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BRYAM AMORIM SANTANA
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Aspectos Sanitários De Gatos Domésticos (Felis Catus) Nas Áreas Da Fundação Jardim Zoológico De Brasília - FJZB, Brasil
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Líder : SIMONE PERECMANIS
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANGELA PATRICIA SANTANA
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LIRIA QUEIROZ LUZ HIRANO
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Mariana de Carvalho
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SIMONE PERECMANIS
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Data: 26-jul-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Occurrences of domestic cats (Felis catus) inside and in the vicinity of Conservation Units (CUs) are common and associated with various issues. These animals can transmit zoonotic diseases and negatively impact the environment through predatory practices, putting endemic species of small mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians at risk. Moreover, the very lives of these animals may be in jeopardy as they are often mishandled and exposed to poisoning and slaughter. To minimize these impacts, it is recommended to carry out sanitary evaluations and proper management of domestic feline populations residing in CUs. Measures such as vaccination and neutering can be effective in the sanitary control of these animals. The objective of this study is to identify specific microorganisms in the population of domestic cats captured within the premises of the Brasília Zoo Foundation (FJZB) using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for Chlamydophila sp., feline herpesvirus, and Mycobacterium spp. Additionally, the animals underwent Kit-type tests, which simultaneously detect IgG antibodies of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and antigens (p27 antigens) of the feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Regarding the results, all samples showed non-reactivity for Chlamydophila sp., feline herpesvirus, FIV, and FeLV. However, 76.19% of the samples were reactive for the microorganism Mycobacterium spp., highlighting the importance of studies like this for public health.
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5
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MURIEL DE OLIVEIRA GUEDES
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PASSIVE IMMUNE TRANSFER IN GIROLANDO CALVES
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Líder : JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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ANTONIO RAPHAEL TEIXEIRA NETO
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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VIVIANI GOMES
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Data: 24-ago-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Dairy farms are intensely focused on lactating cows and it is common knowledge that replacement females will be the production cows tomorrow. Thus, the health and performance of calves will impact the future of production, which is why high mortality rates at this stage are extremely costly for the economic viability of production systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of colostrum provided to calves, to evaluate the transfer of passive immunity (TPI) through serum total protein values and to evaluate the influence of the transfer of passive immunity on average daily weight gain (ADG). Transfer of passive immunity was evaluated in 56 calves from property A, which received 10% of birth body weight by nipple bottleor with an esophageal tube feeder within first 4 hours of life and in 18 calves from property B, which received colostrum ad libitum by nipple bottle within first 4 hours of life. Blood samples were collected at birth, before colostrum delivery (0h), at 48 hours and at 30 days of life to evaluate the transfer of passive immunity. The quality of the colostrum offered to each animal was measured by total solids tests with the aid of an optical Brix refractometer, from milk obtained from the first milking performed shortly after calving. All animals received high quality colostrum, with indices ranging from 18 to 32% Brix, with an average of 27.44% Brix. Among the animals that received at least 10% of birth body weight in colostrum, failure to transfer passive immunity (FTPI) was observed in 7.2% of the animals, while among those that received colostrum ad libitum until satiety, the FTPI rate was 28%. It was observed that the calves submitted to the interventionist management of colostrum feeding had a mean total serum protein at 48 hours of life of 6.49 g/dL [95% CI; 6.20 - 6.78 g/dL], while those who suckled ad libitum until satiety had slightly lower rates, with a mean serum protein of 5.82 g/dL [95% CI; 5.36 - 6.28 g/dL]. The most frequently diagnosed causes of death were cattle tick fever, diarrhea and bovine respiratory disease. The present study emphasizes that the administration of quality colostrum in adequate quantity and time led to a higher rate of TIP success and calf health.
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6
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Eduardo Ferreira da Fonseca
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Characterization of equid holdings and seroprevalence of infeccious equine anemia in the Federal District
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Líder : VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANTONIO RAPHAEL TEIXEIRA NETO
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FERNANDO FERREIRA
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JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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Data: 29-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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In Brazil, equine infectious anemia (EIA) has been a notifiable disease for the official veterinary service (SVO) since 1981. Due to the requirement to test negative for EIA for equine movement, most of the suspect cases are found with serological testing. The main measures to control and eradicate the disease are segregation and the slaughter of seropositive animals. Several studies have shown that the prevalence of the disease in Brazil is very variable and in many cases it is not possible to identify risk factors due to the low positivity rate. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of establishments with horses and estimate the seroprevalence of EIA in the Federal District -DF. The sample design was devised to target different types of holdings registered with the SVO-DF and identify possible risk factors. A total of 52 stud farms, 51 shared holdings for draft horses, 157 rural farms, 8 riding clubs, 3 veterinary hospitals and 2 military units were sampled, totaling 273 establishments. The sample included 2,482 equines, of which 10 were donkeys, 95 were mules and 2,377 were horses. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to characterize the holdings, covering environmental, organizational and health aspects. It was possible to conclude that rural farms and shared holdings for draft horses, due to their organizational and sanitary characteristics, have the potential to act as reservoirs and spreaders of EIA, respectively. Only these two typologies had animals that reacted to the disease (8/2,482), and the prevalence between them showed no significant difference. Animal prevalence was estimated at 0.65% (95% CI |0.37-1.05%|) and herd prevalence was 2.5% (95% CI |0.99-5.1% |). Animals that had not been tested for the disease over the last year had a higher prevalence of the disease than tested equids. The prevalence as also higher in mules compared to horses.
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7
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Nathália Dela-Sávia da Fonseca
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Iatrogenic changes in domestic animals
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Líder : PEDRO MIGUEL OCAMPOS PEDROSO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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JULIANA TARGINO SILVA ALMEIDA E MACEDO
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PEDRO MIGUEL OCAMPOS PEDROSO
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SIMONE PERECMANIS
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DANILO CARLOTO GOMES
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Data: 29-sep-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Iatrogenic injuries, i.e. those caused by medical interventions, represent a significant challenge in veterinary practice. These injuries can result in serious complications for patients and negatively impact the animals' quality of life. This thesis aims to carry out a comprehensive systematic review of iatrogenic injuries in veterinary medicine, in order to identify the most common types of injuries, the underlying causes and the preventive measures adopted. An extensive search was carried out in the scientific literature, covering articles published in electronic databases. Studies that investigated iatrogenic injuries in animals of different species and in different clinical contexts were included. The quality of selected studies was assessed according to predefined criteria. Analysis of included studies revealed a variety of iatrogenic injuries reported in veterinary medicine, including injuries related to surgical procedures, drug administration, anesthesia, and others. The causes of injuries have been attributed to factors such as human error, lack of proper training, inadequate equipment and unforeseen complications. Preventive measures such as safety protocols, careful monitoring and ongoing education have been identified as effective strategies to reduce the occurrence of iatrogenic injuries. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of iatrogenic injuries in veterinary medicine, highlighting the importance of awareness and prevention of these adverse events. The results highlight the continued need for adequate education and training of veterinary professionals, in addition to the implementation of safety protocols and strict monitoring to ensure the safety and well-being of the animals served. It is hoped that these discoveries will contribute to the improvement of veterinary practice and the reduction of iatrogenic injuries in animals.
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8
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ANNA CLARA DOS SANTOS
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CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN CATS – BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND PARATHORMONE
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Líder : EDUARDO MAURICIO MENDES DE LIMA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANDRE RODRIGUES DA CUNHA BARRETO VIANNA
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ANGELA PATRICIA SANTANA
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CHRISTINE SOUZA MARTINS
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EDUARDO MAURICIO MENDES DE LIMA
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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MARCELO ISMAR SILVA SANTANA
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Data: 27-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is prevalent in elderly cats, often manifesting itself stably over long periods. Identifying parameters signaling the progression of CKD is crucial for early and efficient diagnosis, thereby improving patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to assess whether there is a relationship between parathyroid hormone and other biochemical parameters in cats with chronic kidney disease in stages 2, 3, and 4. Fifteen adult cats, 12 males, and 3 females, were evaluated and divided into three groups: Group II (n=9), Group III (n=3), and Group IV (n=3). All cats underwent anamnesis and physical examination, considering weight, body condition score, age, and breed. For all groups, parathyroid hormone, hematocrit, calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, potassium, systolic blood pressure, and time of survival after diagnosis were assessed. Results indicated that systolic blood pressure was above ideal values. Body condition score varied significantly between groups, highlighting different levels of impairment. Hematometric values remained within normal limits, while ionic calcium varied, indicating possible renal compromise. Phosphorus was elevated in one CKD group, and urea and creatinine showed significant increases in affected groups. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was elevated in one CKD group. Statistical differences were evident for urea between Group II and Group IV and for creatinine between Group II and Group IV and Group III and Group IV. Correlation analysis did not reveal statistical differences, but variations in correlation coefficients suggested associations between different parameters in the studied groups. The study analyzed the percentage of deaths in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD), indicating its relation to the severity of the condition and determination of survival. Results revealed that in Group II, the majority of deaths occurred within an interval of 4 to 48 months, affecting 44.44% of the animals. In Group III, all cats died within a period of 16 to 65 months after the diagnosis of CKD. In Group IV, 66.67% of cats died within an interval of 26 to 54 months. In summary, the study provided a comprehensive understanding of the factors involved in the progression of CKD in cats, highlighting the complexity of the disease and the need for a multifaceted approach in diagnosis and treatment.
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9
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Maria Helena Barros Pinto
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Immunohistochemical study of meningoencephalitis by bovine herpesvirus type 1 and 5 in cattle
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Líder : FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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CLAUDIO SEVERO LOMBARDO DE BARROS
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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JOSÉ MANUEL VERDES GARCIA
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MARCELO ISMAR SILVA SANTANA
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Data: 08-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 are closely related viruses, which belong to the Herpesvirinae family, Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily and Varicellovirus genus, and can cause herpetic meningoencephalitis. In general, the presumptive diagnosis of this disease can be established with the association of epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings. As intranuclear inclusion bodies are not always observed in histopathology, other complementary diagnostic methods can be applied, such as PCR, serology, viral culture and isolation, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry (IHC). With the aim of evaluating and comparing, by immunohistochemistry, the glial and neuronal reaction in the brains of cattle affected by meningoencephalitis caused by bovine herpesviruses type 1 and type 5, six brains of 10-months-old calves, experimentally infected by BoHV-5 and naturally by BoHV-1, were used. The IHC evaluation identified details that were little or not visualized in conventional histopathology. In the immunohistochemical evaluation for GFAP, a similar reaction was observed in all cases, with astrogliosis and astrocytosis in the areas most affected by inflammation, neuronal necrosis and edema, with reduction and fragmentation of astrocyte reactivity in cases of BoHV-1. Regarding IHC for Iba-1, marked multifocal microgliosis with microgliocyte hypertrophy was evident in the white and gray matter of almost all analyzed sections, as well as in areas with neuronal necrosis and in perivascular cuffs containing positive histiocytes. There was reduced NF immunolabeling in the most affected areas, especially the cortex. CB immunoreactivity was mildly to moderately reduced in the neuronal bodies of the most affected areas in BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 cases, respectively. In general, the IHC findings were very similar in all cattle evaluated, regardless of the type of virus involved.
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Tesis |
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1
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Mikael Arrais Hodon
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Evaluation of Three Diagnostic Tests for Bovine Brucellosis Surveillance in Tank Milk Samples
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Líder : VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ELAINE MARIA SELES DORNELES
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JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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MARCOS BRYAN HEINEMANN
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SIMONE PERECMANIS
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VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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Data: 28-abr-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Bovine brucellosis is a zoonosis of great economic and public health impact. In Brazil, the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) was created in 2001, with the specific objectives of reducing the prevalence and incidence of new outbreaks of brucellosis and tuberculosis and promoting the certification of properties free of brucellosis and tuberculosis and that would offer the consumer products of low health risk. After more than a decade of the creation of the PNCEBT, new strategies were devised, and it became necessary to implement active epidemiological surveillance systems to identify foci normally undetected by clinical signs or by routine control actions. In dairy herds, the tests applied to tank milk can also be appropriate for this purpose, provided that they are previously validated for the purpose for which they are intended. These tests have advantages such as low cost, ease of sample collection and speed in obtaining results. In the present study, the performance of three diagnostic tests for bovine brucellosis in tank milk samples from Santa Catarina (SC) were evaluated: milk ring test (TAL), the ELISA Brucellosis Antibody Test Kit – Tank Milk IDEXX (i-ELISA) and a qPCR developed by the LFDA-MG (PCR). A total of 187 tank milk samples were obtained from herds classified as Free (103) and from herds classified as Infected/Positive (84), all located in the state of Santa Catarina. The data obtained were tabulated and the parameters of interest, sensitivity and specificity of each test, were estimated by a Bayesian latent class model, for two populations and three diagnostic tests, two of them correlated - ELISA and TAL. The posterior estimates for the parameters were reported with 95% credibility. The i-ELISA yielded a sensitivity (Se) of 0.9 [0.73 - 0.99] and specificity (Sp) of 0.99 [0.95 – 1.0]. The TAL presented Se of 0.82 [0.68 – 0.93] and Sp of 0.84 [0.77 – 0.9]. Finally, the Se of qPCR was equal to 0.01 [0.0 – 0.05] and the Sp was 0.97 [0.93 – 0.99]. The results of this study indicate that i-ELISA would be the test of choice for surveillance of bovine brucellosis using samples from milk tanks, whereas TAL is a good alternative. The qPCR evaluated in this study would not be adequate as a tool for detecting infected herds.
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2
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KASSIA REGINA AGUIAR VIEIRA
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Morphology of the genital organs of Amazonian marmosets
(Callibella humilis and Mico marcai)
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Líder : MARCELO ISMAR SILVA SANTANA
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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FELIPE ENNES SILVA
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JÚLIO ROQUETE CARDOSO
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MARCELO ISMAR SILVA SANTANA
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RICARDO MIYASAKA DE ALMEIDA
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ROZANA CRISTINA ARANTES
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Data: 02-jun-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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This study examined the morphology of the male genital organs in four male specimens of C. humilis and two females of M. marcai, all in the wild. This is the first study to describe the morphology of the male genital organs in C. humilis and presents the first description of the anatomy and histology of the internal genital organs in M. marcai. C. humilis exhibited particular characteristics, such as the laterally flattened body of the penis and keratinized spines on the penile glans. The testicles were relatively small compared to body size. Regarding the females of M. marcai, ovoid-shaped ovaries and histological characteristics indicative of the early luteal phase were observed. The uterine tubes and uterus exhibited similar characteristics to other primate species, while the vagina had a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Measurement of reproductive hormones is recommended to understand the changes in the internal genital organs throughout the reproductive cycle of M. marcai females. These results, which include detailed knowledge of reproductive morphology, can contribute to comparative studies of primate reproductive ecology, serving as a key component in the development of management strategies for captive and wild populations.
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3
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TATHIANA MARQUES BARRETO
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Types of Dairy Farms and Epidemiology of Bovine Tuberculosis in the Brazilian Dairy Sector
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Líder : VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
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JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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JOSÉ SOARES FERREIRA NETO
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SILVIA HELENA GALVÃO DE MIRANDA
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VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
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Data: 28-nov-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Dairy cattle farming is one of the main activities of Brazilian agribusiness, with production concentrated in the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. It is characterized by a great diversity of types of production establishments, which are distributed quite heterogeneously across the national territory. This makes it difficult to make available information and statistics representative of such a diverse and complex reality, which could facilitate the planning of sustainable livestock development, animal health and consumer protection policies. Due to the importance of milk for the economy, for food security, and considering the risks to public health, it is necessary to characterize the systems of dairy production in the country to understand their association with one health challenges. Bovine tuberculosis is one of the zoonoses that, in addition to affecting public health, impacts the health of dairy cattle, causing economic losses to agriculture, such as a decrease in milk production. The present study used available databases, originating from bovine tuberculosis prevalence studies in the six largest milk-producing states, with the aim of characterizing their dairy herds and relating production practices to the risk of bovine tuberculosis. Dairy cattle typification was carried out using a combined two-step method, via cluster analysis. Initially, the K-modes machine learning algorithm was used, which allowed the identification of variables that classified the type of milking (manual/mechanical) carried out on the property and whether the property sold milk on the formal market, as determining factors of production typologies. Based on this classification, the properties were grouped in the database into four typologies called: properties without mechanization of milk production and without milk delivery (39.4%); properties without mechanization of milk production but with milk delivery (29.4); properties with mobile mechanical milking and milk delivery (21.3%) and properties with milking parlor and milk delivery (9.9%). The spatial distribution of the typologies revealed that the most rudimentary group is widely distributed, with a greater concentration in SP but also in the south of the country. The location of the most technologically advanced properties coincided with the regions with the highest milk production. The weighted state prevalences of dairy herds were: properties without mechanization of milk production and without milk delivery: GO 2.3% (95% CI 0.75 – 7.0), MG 1.7% (95% CI 0.1 – 3.6) , SP 7.0% (95% CI 5.1 – 9.4), PR 0.73% (95% CI 0.02 – 3.0), SC 0.0% and RS 1.5% (95% CI 0.05 – 9.4); properties without mechanization of milk production but with milk delivery: GO 3.5% (95% CI 2.0 – 6.22), MG 4.3% (95% CI 3.0 – 6.1), SP 14.1% % (95% CI 10.3 – 19.0), PR 3.7% (95% CI 1.6 – 8.13), SC 0.0% and RS 3.2% (CI 0.05 – 16.3); properties with mobile mechanical milking: GO 6.5% (IC 95% 2.5 – 16.13), MG 9.5% 6.4 – 8.17), SP 26.1% (IC 95% 18.2 – 36.0), PR 3.2% (IC 95 % 1.6 – 8.13), SC 0.8% (IC 95% 0.02 – 3.02) and RS 7.22% (CI 95% 4.0 – 13.22), and for the ones with intensive dairy system farming, which had a milking parlor, GO 10.9% (CI 95% 6.0 – 19.0), MG 10% (95% CI 6.0 – 16.2), SP 44.6% (95% CI 24.3 – 67.0), PR 3.9% (95% CI 1.73 – 8.5), SC 4.6% (95 CI % 1.3 – 15.2) and RS 6.6% (95% CI 2.3 – 16.8. Such results made it clear that the prevalence increases with the intensification of production, probably due to the way the animals are raised, with greater density and in more closed environments. There is also great heterogeneity in herd prevalence between states, for all types. A multivariable logistic regression model was carried out, in which the variable related to production typologies was composed of three categories, combining the two categories with greater technology. The result indicates that the most technology of production, the increase in herd size and the purchase of animals are factors that contribute to increasing the risk of bTB. This study highlights the fact that almost 70% of dairy herds are of low productivity and don’t use mechanized milking, which means that such herds account for an important fraction of the bTB cases in the region under study and cannot be ignored by the strategies adopted by the surveillance and control system. This study brings a more detailed and comprehensive perspective on the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in the main dairy regions of Brazil, providing a knowledge base for targeting and prioritizing surveillance and control policies for this important zoonosis. The identified herd models and their association with the presence of tuberculosis also allow for the development of economic impact studies and the measures implemented to mitigate the risks related to the disease.
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4
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Ana Gabriela Carvalho Rodrigues do Nascimento
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BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLIED FOR SUSTAINABLE USE OF WASTE IN EQUINE INDUSTRY
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Líder : ANTONIO RAPHAEL TEIXEIRA NETO
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MIEMBROS DE LA BANCA :
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ANTONIO RAPHAEL TEIXEIRA NETO
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JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
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ALESSANDRA MONTEIRO DE PAULA
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DANILO SIMONINI TEIXEIRA
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IVERALDO DOS SANTOS DUTRA
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Data: 06-dic-2023
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Resumen Espectáculo
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Brazil's horse population ranks third in the world, with 5.9 million animals, including animals for work, competition, therapy, entertainment and those with high zootechnical value. The horse production cycle is relatively long and intensive breeding systems prevail. Therefore, one of the main challenges in this segment arises from problems arising from stable horses, such as causing behavioral disorders, physiological disorders and environmental damage, leading to a reduction in horse health. Places such as stables, cavalry regiments and equestrian stables, often located in large urban centers, generate large amounts of waste, mainly from bedding used to promote better animal welfare conditions. When inappropriately disposed of in the environment, this waste causes problems such as contamination of groundwater and receiving bodies, attraction of urban pests and degradation of environmental aesthetics. The sustainable production of these animals drives the search for new technologies and research in this universe, with one of the biggest challenges for researchers being the fate of this type of waste, which has become an issue related to both ecological, health and economic aspects. There are several ways to treat this waste before being released into the environment, such as physical, chemical and biochemical processes. Composting is one of the main forms of biochemical treatment, which aims to convert organic matter that cannot be incorporated into the soil into usable biological fertilizer. Several efforts have been made in relation to applied research for composting waste in various industrial sectors, but little research has been done to investigate the feasibility of disposing of horse waste. Composting saturated horse bedding is a time-consuming process and can generate low-quality compost due to the nature of the recalcitrant material that makes up the bedding, requiring several cycles for its decomposition. The present work aimed to isolate and identify fungi present in compost piles of saturated horse bedding made with wood shavings or rice straw, aiming to select fungal isolates with greater potential for cellulolytic activity, seeking to optimize the process of degradation of organic matter in order to have a reduction in the time and cost of compost production. The isolates with the highest cellulolytic activity were identified as belonging to the Aspergillus fumigatus species. It was observed that in compost piles using wood shavings there was a reduction in total organic carbon values and in the C/N ratio, more markedly in the treatment inoculated with A. fumigatus in relation to the control treatment, as well as reductions in the levels of cellulose and hemicellulose. The total nitrogen, total organic carbon, C/N ratio and ligninocellulose degradation did not differ significantly in the piles using rice straw as substrate. The inoculation of A. fumigatus in beds saturated with wood shavings improved the final characteristics of the compost, being an alternative to improving the efficiency of the composting process for this type of waste. However, the same effect was not observed for beds saturated with the use of rice straw, where serial inoculation of A. fumigatus was not effective in optimizing the composting process.
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