Banca de DEFESA: Mariana Wiecko Volkmer de Castilho

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : Mariana Wiecko Volkmer de Castilho
DATE: 30/03/2023
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Plataforma Teams
TITLE:
KEY WORDS:

Mbya Guarani, human right to food, public policies, re-existence, feminine protagonism.

PAGES: 315
BIG AREA: Ciências Humanas
AREA: Sociologia
SUMMARY:

The theme of the thesis is the Human Right to Food ("HRtF") of indigenous peoples. Considering the mismatch of perceptions and understandings on the subject between state agents and indigenous peoples, as well as the protagonism that indigenous women have become in the discussion of public policies on food security and nutrition, two questions guided the research: What do indigenous women understand by Food Security and Nutrition ("FNS") and Food Sovereignty ("FSA")? How is their understanding close to or distant from the concepts established by National States and the United Nations? For comparison, I chose as my unit of analysis the Mbya Guarani people, who live in a territory divided between Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The comparison was restricted to the first two countries. The hypothesis, which was proven, is that the central concepts are not the "HRtF", "FSN" or "FSA", but the recognition by the state of extensions of land that guarantee physical and cultural reproduction according to the Guarani way of being, doing and living. In other words, the collective right to a territory. The central objective was to demonstrate how the Mbya Guarani, in Brazil and Argentina, understand, experience and seek to realize the "FSN" and the "FSA" according to the Guarani way of being, knowing, doing and living. The research was based on authors from different areas of knowledge that are affiliated with the questioning paradigm of the coloniality of power; the collaborative methodology was used - as much as possible, in view of the Covid-19 pandemic -, which values other knowledge and other ways of circulating it, as well as the comparison method. The thesis is woven from different voices, bodies, and narratives in order to construct a history that is as comprehensive as possible of the specificities of the Mbya Guarani people, who do not accept the borders arbitrarily erected by National States. Structured in five chapters, Chapter 1 shows the divergences between National States, the United Nations, and their agencies with indigenous peoples - especially the Mbya Guarani people - in the way of understanding and operating the Human Right to Adequate Food and Nutrition ("HRtAFN") and FNS. Chapter 2 presents the Mbya cosmovision about territory (Yvyrupa), the village (tekoa), seeds, and food. Chapter 3 analyzes the relationship between the Mbya and the Brazilian and Argentinean states, characterized by a non-existent horizontal dialogue and the distant realization of food autonomy/sovereignty. Chapter 4 is constructed by feminines bodies and voices, academic and/or indigenous, revealing the preponderant role of the Mbya Guarani women in domestic and public spaces within the village, but also outside the village/tekoa. Chapter 5, Resisting to Exist, presents the autonomous initiatives, by Mbya women, with the partnership of men and other actors, from outside the villages/tekoa. In the movement of walking; exchanging seeds, knowledge, and flavors, the Mbya go on building other worlds in order to continue existing as a people. The conclusion, finally, reviews and highlights the similarities and differences in Argentina and Brazil with respect to the institutionalization of FNS; the relationship of the State with the Indigenous/Original Peoples; as well as the mobilization and practices of re-existence of the Mbya as a people.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 3356294 - ELAINE MOREIRA
Interno - 1550815 - CRISTHIAN TEOFILO DA SILVA
Externa à Instituição - DELIA MARIA DUTRA DA SILVEIRA MARGALEF - UnB
Externa à Instituição - KARINA ANDREA BIDASECA - UBA
Externa à Instituição - MARCIA ANITA SPRANDEL - UNICAMP