Banca de DEFESA: Daniesse Sannara Kasanoski

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : Daniesse Sannara Kasanoski
DATE: 12/07/2022
TIME: 10:00
LOCAL: CDS
TITLE:

DILEMMA OF TRANSBOUNDARY COMMONS: THE MANAGEMENT OF CRAB FISHING (UCIDES CORDATUS) IN MARINE EXTRACTIVIST RESERVES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

KEY WORDS:

transboundary commons, use of space, institutions, RESEX, fishing, crabbing, communities, Pará, Amazônia, Brazil

PAGES: 164
BIG AREA: Outra
AREA: Ciências Ambientais
SUMMARY:

The spatial dimension is a ubiquitous dimension in all social-ecological systems, however, it is not very explicit in the literature on commons, and when it is, it is hardly treated as an object of analysis in itself. In this thesis, we analyze the co-management of the crab fishing carried out in the mangroves of the Amazon coastal zone, in Pará - Brazil, considering the spatial dimension of fishing practices and their congruence (or incongruence) with the limits defined by the state, through the creation of the Marine Extractive Reserves.

We chose this region because it is the largest continuous strip of mangrove forests in the world, which has led to the creation of Marine Extractive Reserves (RESEX) to reconcile environmental protection and use by the local population for their subsistence and income generation.

The thesis is organized around three central questions:

What are the factors that influence the way in which crabbing communities use space?

Are the formal spatial boundaries from the creation of the Marine Extractive Reserves (RESEX) congruent or not with customary use?

How do the organization of space and the users of the resource influence the levels of biomass of a resource with spatial characteristics of a transboundary common resource?

The data collected in the course of this research were obtained by combining qualitative and quantitative methods during a fieldwork developed between September 2019 and January 2020 and the main results are in the form of scientific articles.

In article one, "Where are we going to fish today? mangrove use and factors influencing crab fishermen's decisions on fishing grounds choices", we focus on understanding the use of space by crab fishermen communities and the factors associated with it and show that there is a spatial pattern in the use of mangroves by crab fishermen that are explained by economic, social, technological, and cultural factors.

In article two, "The challenges of transboundary coastal commons: incongruencies between costumary and official limits of crab fisheries in the Marine Extractive reserves in Brazilian Amazon mangroves", we analyze the formal and informal institutions that regulate the use of space and resource to understand whether or not the formal spatial boundaries of the RESEX were congruent with the customary use of the communities and show that there are incongruences between the formal spatial boundaries from the RESEX and the informal boundaries established with customary use.

In article three - "Transboundary commons and the crab fishery: analysis of the influence of communication and socio-spatial organization from an agent-based model", we built an agent-based model to simulate scenarios with different socio-spatial configurations and tested the effects of the different configurations on the biomass levels of an ecological resource with spatial characteristics of a transboundary commons and showed that in a scenario where there is communication about the fishing locations, and where the resource use space is shared among the communities, the biomass levels of the resource decreased faster.

The contributions of each paper articulate with each other and bring insights for the management of marine protected areas. A better distinction between what is considered invasion and what is considered customary use is recommended; the objectives of the Marine Extractive Reserves, as an institution for regulating the use of space and its resources, do not seem to have had the desired effects in relation to exclusivity of use and conflict resolution. The formal spatial limits are incongruous with customary use, and the conflicts arising from overlapping use between communities remain without an instance of resolution, leaving the onus on the communities themselves to defend their fishing territories. There is little communication between communities around the collective management of the resource. Collaboration in this case could be encouraged through improved communication channels between crab fishermen who use common fishing grounds. In this case an action strategy aimed at reducing use conflicts could be initiated with the communities that have more shared fishing grounds. An unfolding of what has been done so far could be to transform the agent-based model into a serious game (role playing game) to be played with the crabbing communities and then test with them different forms of socio-spatial organization and coordination.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - CHRISTOPHE LE PAGE
Externa à Instituição - MARION GLASER
Externo ao Programa - 701.828.831-24 - ANDRÉS BURGOS DELGADO - UnB
Interna - 2335984 - CRISTIANE GOMES BARRETO
Presidente - 2314699 - FREDERIC ADELIN GEORGES MERTENS