Frontier Protected Areas Governance: challenges and perspectives in the shared management of ecosystems
Protected Areas; Environmental governance; Environmental Management; Environmental Policy
The Governance of Border Conservation Units adds some challenges in relation to the Governance of interior Conservation Units. The isolation of the protected areas, the lack of jurisdiction over the buffer zone, and the lack of cooperation between countries represent obstacles to conservation efforts on a supranational scale. Thus, the present work seeks to evaluate how cooperation for the conservation of ecosystems occurs on a regional or supranational scale. In addition, the study also seeks to understand the differences in terms of management and effectiveness indicators between border and non-border PAs. Finally, the paper proposes a comparative case study between two border PAs - PARNA Montanhas do Tumucumaque and PARNA do Iguaçu. The work pointed out that cooperation in the South American context does not occur with as much intensity as in the European and African contexts. In addition, the results of the management indicators of border and non-border PAs did not show significant differences between these two groups. Finally, the comparative case study showed that there are many differences between the two border CUs compared, due to the time of existence of one UC and the other, due to the geographic isolation of one PA and the other, due to the border arc in which one UC and the other are located, for socio-demographic reasons in terms of human pressure, and due to the exploitation of the tourism potential of one region and the other.