REFRAMING THE BANZO: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ANTI-RACIST DISCOURSES IN CONTEMPORARY RAP SONGS
LAC. ADC. Banzo. Antiracism. Becoming black of the world.
This thesis results from a qualitative research (descriptive and interpretative) elaborated from the assumptions of Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001 [1992], 2003; CHOULIARAKI; FAIRCLOUGH, 1999; RESENDE; RAMALHO, 2016; BATISTA JR, SATO; MELO, 2018); of Critical Discourse Studies (VAN DIJK, 1992, 2015, 2012, 2021; RESENDE, 2019, 2022; GEE, 1989, 2001, 2005; VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2008; PAVEAU, 2019, 2019a); of Cultural Studies (HALL, 1997, 2015, 2016, 2018; GILROY, 2017 [2012]; BHABHA, 2019 [2013]; WALSH, 2010) and Decolonial Studies (FANON, 2008, 2015; MBEMBE, 2018; NASCIMENTO, 2019; SILVA E SILVA, 2019; SOUZA, 2011, 2012; BELL HOOKS, 2019 [2017]; KILOMBA, 2019; MUNANGA, 2004; BERNADINOCOSTA; MALDONADO-TORRES; GROSFOGUEL, 2020; DUSSEL, 2016; SOUZA, 1983; GOMES, 2017). It aims to analyze linguistically the discourses of rap songs produced in the sociocultural context of Brazil to conceive, from the representations and identities that emerge from this songs, how these texts reflect anti-racist discourses and ethnic-racial identities. The research presents the proposal of a sociocognitive framework of linguistic categories for the analysis of anti-racist discourse and develops the concept of Banzo as an existential condition of blackness as a concept that operates in the discursive domain, transforming ways of knowing, acting and being. It centers an afrocentric perspective of language, style, aesthetics, history, culture and ancestral knowledge that propose to question/rethink the ideas of coloniality/modernity. The results achieved in the research indicate that the discourse produced in rap songs allow insurgencies of the being in the sense of enabling the subject to recognize an active black ancestry. These insurgencies incur in discursive discontinuities that elaborate new forms of representation for young blacks, decolonizing the being and enabling a “becoming black of the word” (MBEMBE, 2018, p. 6), supported by these racial identities that encourage new practices and social changes. Thus, recognizing ancestral experiences, accumulating knowledge, transgressing and resisting the brutal processes of subalternization refers to a process of rethinking not only of the meaning of the word black, but also of an existential condition of blackness established in the nexus of afrocentric black reason. It means acting in the sense of changing social structures that presupposes emancipatory consciousness, creative and transformative action, ethical-political commitment to otherness, insurgencies and discontinuities, offering us new ways of representing, thinking and being.