"THE INVESTIGATIVE TEACHING APPROACH AND PROBLEMATIZATION METHODOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE IN HIGH SCHOOL".
Investigative teaching. Content analysis. Teaching human anatomy and physiology in high school.
Historically, teaching biology has presented various challenges due to the methodologies applied in the classroom. The study of complex biological concepts and phenomena is often approached in a fragmented way, making it difficult for students to learn. An approach and methodology that promotes students' autonomy and protagonism in problem-solving enables individuals to apply the knowledge gained in their daily lives and build new knowledge, which can be applied to their reality. Therefore, we propose the development of a study guide that contains didactic sequences on morphophysiological processes, with a focus on the human cardiovascular system, to integrate it with other organic systems. This proposal aims to develop activities that foster reflection and knowledge construction through an investigative study approach and the problematization methodology. Two investigative didactic sequences were designed, applied, and evaluated to achieve this goal. The sequences were implemented in a second-grade class at José Valdo Ribeiro Ramos Full-Time High School. The Guide to the Study of Biology in Secondary Education, which resulted from this work, contains instructions and details for teachers on how to apply the sequences, as well as specific materials for students. Each sequence presents a problem situation and provides materials to support investigation, with a space for recording students' hypotheses. A questionnaire was administered to assess the students' motivation when carrying out the activities, and to collect criticism and suggestions. Initial and final hypotheses, criticisms, and suggestions were subjected to content analysis. The results showed that the proposed objectives were met, and the product was relevant in supporting the teaching and learning process of the covered content.