EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN THE BRAZILIAN ENERGY SYSTEM
Electric Vehicles, Energy Matrix, BEVs, Renewable Energy, Energy Investment
The way energy is generated has changed dramatically with the advent of electricity and fossil fuels. In the 18th century, with the beginning of the industrial age, the concentration of atmospheric CO2 rose by 50%, being today 420 ppm (parts per million) corresponding to 150% of the value in 1750. Aiming to reduce the GHG emissions by road transport, several actions have been discussed to promote the use of more efficient and cleaner vehicles worldwide. Consequently, there has been an increase in demand for more efficient vehicles including hybrids, electrics and low-emission fuels such as ethanol, hydrogen and biodiesel. This study evaluates the impact on the Brazilian energy matrix, thus taking into account the growth of EVs in Brazil through the methodology of scenarios. It is observed that for the scenario called pessimistic in which the country grows only 1% per year, the current investment in energy would satisfy the future energy demands, including the increase in the number of electric cars. Nevertheless, for other growth scenarios, such as the most likely scenario (growth of 4% per year), Brazil would have to invest an average of R$ 12 billion reais just in new energy generating plants.