Banca de DEFESA: Mariana Figueira Dornelas

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : Mariana Figueira Dornelas
DATE: 01/11/2022
TIME: 09:00
LOCAL: Plataforma Teams
TITLE:

Evaluation of the National Programme for Control of Rabies in Herbivores, of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply

KEY WORDS:

rabies in herbivores; evaluation of surveillance; programme efectiveness; control of Desmodus rotundus; One Health.

PAGES: 83
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Medicina Veterinária
SUBÁREA: Medicina Veterinária Preventiva
SPECIALTY: Saúde Animal (Programas Sanitários)
SUMMARY:

The National Program of Herbivore Rabies Control (PNCRH), of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply, aims to reduce the incidence of the disease through epidemiologic surveillance, targeted vaccination of livestock and culling of the hematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus. This thesis aims at: (1) describing surveillance data of PNCRH; (2) identifying functional aspects of PNCRH that might impair the information and investigation flow; (3) identifying which effectivity attributes can be calculated; (4) appraising the coherence of ongoing surveillance with the programme objectives; (5) assessing the timeliness and representativeness of the surveillance system; (6) assessing the effectivity of culling of D. rotundus. We reviewed the official regulations of PNCRH and surveillance data between 2013 and 2019, at the national level. We made cluster LISA (Local Indicator of Spatial Association) maps to analyze surveillance data of rabies in livestock and bat captures. We quantified the days between all steps of case investigatios. Lastly, through a questionnaire, we estimated the efforts (in man-hour) for capturing vampire bats and its impact in the positivity rate of rabies in herbivores. The results revealed a surveillance system that is heterogeneous between the 27 Federation Units, predominantly passive and of low sensitivity. The main attribute calculated was the positivity rate, which describes the relationship between the number of outbreaks and the number of investigations. We found that the data of the surveillance system can’t describe the actual frequency of the disease and that the activities triggered by the outbreaks are not sufficient for reducing rabies incidence. We identified clusters of high surveillance mostly in the states of Paraná, Espírito Santo and some restricted areas of Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia, São Paulo e Tocantins. The surveillance representativeness was low, notably in the Northeast of the country, the northeast of Minas Gerais and the west of Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo. The clusters of outbreaks follow the same patterns of that observed for surveillance. We highlight the need for integrating and harmonizing private veterinarians and laboratories for an accurate estimation of the frequency of rabies in livestock in Brazil. In general, the system can timely attend the suspect cases (less than one day in average), but it takes a long time for the samples to be processed in the laboratories (9 days in average), being highly dissonant between the regions of the country. This delay is more critical in the North and Central-West regions, probably because of the long distances to the laboratories and the difficult access to the farms. Lastly, the bat culling had little effect on the positivity rate of rabies in livestock all over the country. The effort for capturing bats was higher in São Paulo (78,378 man-hour), Mato Grosso do Sul (50,551 man-hour), Paraná (43,675 man-hour) and Minas Gerais (41,253 man-hour), being highly dissonant throughout the country. This work highlights the concerns with the public health hazards, as well as with the adverse financial impact, that may be associated with this activity.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 2352263 - VITOR SALVADOR PICAO GONCALVES
Interno - 1307139 - FABIANO JOSE FERREIRA DE SANT ANA
Interno - 306996 - JOSE RENATO JUNQUEIRA BORGES
Externa à Instituição - FERNANDA CETRANGOLO DÓREA - UPEI
Externo à Instituição - FERNANDO FERREIRA - USP