EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE USE OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN THE HEALING OF CUTANEOUS
WOUNDS IN PIGS
Cell therapy; mesenchymal stem cells; extracellular vesicles; skin wounds in pigs; pig as an experimental model.
Present in cell therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are undifferentiated cells, defined by their great capacity for proliferation, self-renewal and regeneration after injury. They can be classified in different ways, according to their tissue of origin, such as embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells, and their capacity for cell differentiation, such as totipotent, pluripotent, or multipotent cells. Initially, it was thought that MSC exerted their therapeutic effect by migrating to the site of injury, inserting themselves and, later, differentiating into desired cells for tissue regeneration. However, studies have indicated that the therapeutic benefit of MSCs is attributed not only to their differentiation, but also to the factors they secrete, such as growth factors, chemokines and cytokines, in addition to releasing numerous extracellular vesicles that participate in tissue regeneration through transfer information to damaged cells or tissues. The present work aims to evaluate the healing effect of cutaneous wounds, produced on the back of three healthy pigs, with the use of different concentrations of isolated extracellular vesicles, cultivated and characterized through mesenchymal stem cells from swine adipose tissue, during twenty-eight days. Sixteen cutaneous wounds were made on the back of each pig, in duplicate, we used two different concentrations of extracellular vesicles, one of healing base, one of conditioned medium, positive control that was used a commercial ointment and negative control, using solution saline. Quantitative data were measured through wound retraction and qualitative data were performed through histological slides. Concluding significant therapeutic effect on tissue repair of extracellular vesicles.