Activity of Essential oils from Brazilian Cerrado against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae
Essential oils, larvicides, monoterpenes, vector control, Aedes aegypti.
In the present laboratory study, 9 essential oils (EOs) derived from 6 plant species and their main components were selected for their larvicidal properties against Aedes aegypti, a mosquito species responsible for significant epidemics in recent years and of great medical importance. Thus, the activity of different essential oils from native and cultivated plants in the Cerrado against Aedes aegypti larvae was evaluated: Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm., Baccharis retusa DC., Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg, Cymbopogon densiflorus (Steud.) Stapf, Eugenia langsdorffii O. Berg., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão. Of the species evaluated in the screening, the most potent larvicides were from essential leaf oils of A. zerumbet and E. langsdorffii, which resulted in 100% mortality at 100μL/mL. These essential oils were then tested at different concentrations. The major components of essential oils were identified and quantified by gas chromatography. A. zerumbet had 1,8-cineol, sabinene, terpinen4-ol and γ-terpinene and E. langsdorffii, α-limonene, δ-cadinol, β- mircee and (+) – Spathulenol. The lethal concentrations of A. zerumbet were (LC50 = 36,644μL / mL, LC90 = 66,318 μL / mL), and for E. langsdorffii (LC50 = 53,522 μL / mL, LC90 = 103,932 μL / mL). This suggests that there is significant potential for the EOs of these species to control mosquitoes as larvicides.