Evaluation of the accuracy of the stimulus electrodiagnostic test and the ID curve in the diagnosis of critical illness polyneuropathy
chronaxia, critical care; electrical stimulation, electromyography; polyneuropathies; rheobase; sensitivity and specificity.
Introduction: The survival of critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) has increased significantly in recent years. However, with a high prevalence of functional sequelae (mental, cognitive and physical), identified by Post-Intensive Care Syndrome. Within the physical spectrum, one of the main complications associated with ICU stay is critical illness polyneuropathy (PNDC). The early diagnosis and approach to this disease is essential to improve clinical outcomes, functionality and quality of life. The nerve conduction study (NCE) is considered the main test to assess the presence of PNDC in the ICU. However, performing electroneurography (ENG) is rarely possible due to numerous operational difficulties. An alternative test, with lower cost and greater viability is the stimulus electrodiagnostic test (TEDE), with analysis of the intensity/duration curve of the stimulus (ID curve). However, the clinimetric properties of TEDE need to be better defined. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the TEDE and the ID curve for diagnosing critical illness polyneuropathy. Method: A cross-sectional study will be conducted with critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. Participants will be submitted, by different operators, to ECN and TEDE, with analysis of the ID curve and measurement of the area under the curve. The results will be compared to determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the TEDE. Patients admitted to the ICU will be included, of both genders, from 18 years of age, with mechanical ventilation time ≥ 72 hours. Exclusion criteria: pregnant women; patients with neuromuscular diseases, obesity grade II and III (BMI > 35 kg/m2), fractures and/or skin lesions in the area to be evaluated; as well as patients in anasarca that make it impossible to perform the tests.