Realistic simulation scenario for nursing care in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: acute pain.
Simulation, Nursing, Teaching, Education, Recovery Room and Postanesthesia Nursing
Introduction: Realistic simulation is an active methodology strategy that employs scenarios simulating practice in a controlled environment as close as possible to real-life situations. Objective: To propose, validate, and test a scenario for conducting high-fidelity realistic simulation for nursing care, addressing pain in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Methodology: This is a methodological study with a cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The development of the high-fidelity clinical simulation scenario in nursing care with patients experiencing complications in the PACU occurred in three phases: Scenario construction, content validation by experts, and scenario testing. The scenario development was guided by the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning (INACSL). Results and Discussion: The study took place in three phases. In the first phase, a literature review was conducted, focusing on pain management in the PACU by the nursing team. The scenario was designed based on Bloom's taxonomy, respecting hierarchical levels of learning. In the second phase, experts were selected, and the scenario was validated, with each item judged as "inadequate," "to be reformulated," "adequate but with possibility of revision," or "adequate." The scenario was considered approved when items reached a Content Validation Index (CVI) above 80%; otherwise, items needed adjustments suggested by experts, such as inclusion of references, textual clarity, functionality, and relevance of the proposed item. After all items reached an CVI above 80%, validation proceeded to the final phase. In the third phase, scenario testing was conducted by implementing it, allowing identification of fidelity to the practical scenario proposal and making final adjustments. Conclusion: Considering the three phases conducted during scenario validation, it was validated regarding its content, proposed objective, and implementation. Through validation of the realistic simulation scenario in pain management in the PACU, it is hoped that this research can facilitate and assist in the implementation of continuous professional education by educational institutions.