EVALUATION OF THE MUSCLE ARCHITECTURE, TENDON PROPERTIES, OXYGEN EXTRACTION BY THE ANKLE PERIARTICULAR MUSCLES, PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND FUNCTIONALITY, PAIN, AND EDEMA IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ACUTE LATERAL ANKLE SPRAIN
ankle sprain, lateral ankle sprain, muscle architecture; tendon properties; tendon mechanics.
Introduction: Ankle sprain is the most common injury to the ankle and foot complex that leads patients to seek medical attention. The disuse caused by the acute lateral ankle sprain leads to the development of muscle atrophy and loss of physical function. Literature Review: Both in healthy subjects and post ankle fractures, most of the disuse caused muscle atrophy occurs during the first days and weeks following the decrease in mechanical loading rather than late stages. Research using animal models has also made it clear how disuse has a negative effect on tendon properties. On the other hand, there seems to be a lack of research assessing muscle atrophy in subjects with acute lateral ankle sprain, and how this injury may affect tendon properties in humans. Objective: To assess the muscle architecture of the medial gastrocnemius (GM), lateral gastrocnemius (GL), soleus (SO), tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus and brevis (PLB) muscles, tendon properties, oxygen extraction by the periarticular muscles, physical function, pain and edema in individuals with grades I and II ankle sprain. Methods: This will be an observational cross-sectional study. The sample will be composed of research participants diagnosed with acute lateral ankle sprain. Participants will be adults between 18 and 60 years old, from both sexes, who have suffered a lateral ankle sprain within the 72 hours previous to the first assessment. Initial evaluation will be conducted up to 72 hours after the injury, and a second assessment will be run 6 weeks later. The participants with acute lateral ankle sprain will be compared to a group of seemingly healthy individuals (Control Group) that will undergo the same assessments. Expected results: It is expected that the participants with grades I and II acute lateral ankle sprain present a reduction in muscle mass and fascicle length, an increased pennation angle, detrimental modifications in tendon mechanics and a reduction in periarticular muscles oxygen extraction and manipulation. It is also expected that these parameters become similar to the control group after 6 weeks.