"Evaluation of different polishing protocols on surface roughness and microhardness of occlusal splints printing resin."
"3D Printing, surface properties, occlusal splints, dental polishing."
"One of the main therapeutic approach for Temporomandibular Disorders and sleep bruxism is the occlusal splint, usually made of heat cured acrylic resin. However, with advances in digital technologies, it became possible to print occlusal splints in the dental office, which optimizes patient treatments. Despite several advances, there is no established polishing protocol for occlusal splint printing resin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate polishing systems on the surface roughness and Vickers microhardness of heat cured acrylic resins and 3D printing resin for occlusal splints. An microwave heat cured acrylic resin (VIPI WAVE - Vipi Produtos Odontologicos) and a 3D printing resin (BioSplint – MarkertechLabs) were used for this study. 120 square samples, 40x40x3mm, were made and distributed into 12 groups (n= 10) according to the type of resin and polishing protocol (Sealent, DhPro, Dhpro + Sealant, Trihawk, Trihawk + Sealant and control). The samples were submitted to surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers microhardness tests and one sample from each group was submitted to scanning electron microscopy, after surface treatment and after thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5 and 55º). The data obtained were submitted to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) two-way repeated measures and twoway ANOVA, followed by the Tukey Test with a significance level of 5%. The Trihawk polishing protocol showed the best results for both acrylic resin and printing resin. Regarding the heat cured acrylic resin, the surface roughness was maintained, after thermocycling, for the Trihawk, Trihawk+Glaze and unpolished groups, while in terms of microhardness, all values decreased. For the resin for printing, surface roughness and microhardness values decreased after thermocycling, regardless of the group. It is concluded that the protocols using Trihawk and Trihawk+Glaze were the only ones able to keep the surface roughness below the recommended values (0.2µm) both for heat cured acrylic resins and printing resin, after thermocycling."