Banca de DEFESA: JESSICA ALVES DE CENA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : JESSICA ALVES DE CENA
DATE: 16/12/2024
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Plataforma Teams
TITLE:

“Biogeography of the Oral Archaeome”

KEY WORDS:

“Domain Archaea, Oral Archaeome; biofilms, biogeography, dental caries, periodontitis, endodontic infections, saliva, in silico, Review, Bioinformatics”

PAGES: 100
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Odontologia
SUMMARY:

“Growing evidence indicates that archaea are part of the resident microbiota in various oral sites and play a still poorly understood role. Recent studies suggest that the diversity of these archaea in the human oral cavity may be underestimated and not limited to methanogenic organisms, as previously believed. Methodological challenges related to detection and isolation, including difficulties in culturing and designing specific primers, contribute to this knowledge gap. However, there is a need for specific primers to detect archaea beyond methanogens, such as the Nanoarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota groups, which could broaden the understanding of archaea diversity in oral biogeography. Our systematic review with meta-analysis showed that individuals with periodontitis are more likely to have subgingival biofilms positive for archaea compared to periodontally healthy individuals (OR 6.68, 95% CI 4.74-9.41 for 16S rRNA gene analysis and OR 9.42, 95% CI 2.54-34.91 for mcrA gene analysis), suggesting that archaea may act as secondary colonizers in periodontal inflammatory processes. Additionally, the prevalence of archaea in root canals was estimated at about 20% (95% CI = 8%-32%), predominantly methanogenic but also detecting Thaumarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. We also demonstrated that, although in low abundance, archaea are present in biofilm and saliva samples associated with caries. Genes related to methanogenesis were overexpressed in samples from caries-free individuals, suggesting a potential role in maintaining oral microbiome homeostasis. Finally, we also observed the biogeography of methanogenic archaea in the oral cavity, analyzing different types of samples such as saliva, supragingival and subgingival biofilms, carious dentin, and lingual biofilm. A total of 142 samples were analyzed, and mcrA gene amplification was performed by conventional PCR and qPCR, with sequencing of some amplicons for genotypic confirmation. The results indicated the presence of methanogenic archaea in multiple types of samples. It is concluded that, although the relevance of archaea in the oral microbiome still requires further exploration, they emerge as important, low-abundance components of the oral microbiota associated with disease in subgingival and endodontic biofilm, but also in health in supragingival biofilm and saliva._”

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - RODRIGO ALEX ARTHUR - UFRGS
Externo à Instituição - ANTÔNIO PEDRO RICOMINI FILHO - UNICAMP
Interna - 1380052 - CARLA MASSIGNAN
Externa ao Programa - 2161777 - CYNTHIA MARIA KYAW - nullPresidente - 1306536 - NAILE DAME TEIXEIRA