RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERFECT BODY AND BODY STANDARD: A REFLECTION ON THE “FITNESS” WORLD.
Physical Education, Body, Culture and health.
Biological factors still occupy centrality for the definition of body standards in the scientific production of the field of knowledge and pedagogical intervention in physical education (DAÓLIO, 2018). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa affect, respectively, 0.5 to 1% and 0.9 to 4.1% of the female population. Among adolescents and young adults, recurrence rates range from 5 to 13% (WHO, 2004). The general objective: to analyze the conception of the body in the context of the Brazilian scientific production in articles classified in Portal de Periódicos Qualis Capes in strata A and B. Specific: to identify how the authors present their conception of the body and what are the biopsychosocial markers used and to verify to what extent health practices, combined with healthy eating and quality of life, are considered central in the conception of the body. It is qualitative research in the bibliographic model of descriptive nature. There was a cut from 2007 to 2021. The Journal Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior was used. The following descriptors were defined: (corpo OR body) AND fitness AND (health OR saúde) AND (estética OR aesthetic). The pre-analysis of the articles was performed using the NVivo Realease (2021) software. The in-depth analysis took place through content analysis, according to Bardin (2011). We used the theoretical-methodological references of the sociology of the body, notably Le Breton (2007); Mauss (2018); Vigarello; Corbin; Courtine (2009) whose focus is the expanded understanding of human beings, considering social and psychological factors. The body, health and aesthetics were central themes of the articles, but not all authors left conceptualization. The biopsychosocial markers were: image, consumption, food, supplements, beauty, gyms, bodybuilding, shape, gymnastics, hypertrophy, silhouettes, fitness, bodybuilding and fat. The findings suggest that there is a relationship between health and aesthetics, either legitimizing or delegitimizing such a relationship. The consumption pattern seems to influence the standardization of bodies. It is essential to include all bodies and integrate fat people into the fitness environment. The population does not have access to or understanding of the concepts presented, and not knowing implies several attacks on their bodies.