Epicteto e Laozi: paralelos e diferenças na construção do arquétipo do sábio
Wisdom; Epictetus; Stoicism; Laozi, Daoism.
The present work proposes to establish a comparative analysis on the constitutive aspects of the figure of the sage from two distinct philosophical traditions: Epictetus' stoicism and Laozi's daoism. For this purpose, we will dedicate ourselves, first, to the discussion of the idea of philosophy as a way of life, proposed by Pierre Hadot, for the stoic and daoist sages are presented, by these two traditions, as the one who applies the theoretical elements of his philosophical schools in his practical life. Next, we will approach the figure of the sage and their main characteristics. At this point, we will focus our efforts on the attempt to propose a definition of the sage, according to Epictetus and Laozi. It will be in this topic of our dissertation that we will also investigate two crucial elements for the construction of the figure of the sage: live according to nature and the way the sage acts in the world, occasion that we will discuss the concepts of prohairesis and wuwei. Finally, in the last part of our text, we will turn our attention to analyzing the idea of spiritual exercises and how the sage of Epictetus and Laozi share some of these practices.