Study of a Distributed Generation System from a 2,408 kWp Photovoltaic Plant Connected to a Medium Voltage Electrical System
Distributed Generation, Economic Analysis, Energy Pricing, Photovoltaic Plant.
The increase in investments around the world in the diversification of the energy matrix based on renewable energy sources, brought the expansion of the installed capacity of distributed generation (DG) over the years. In Brazil, the main sources of DG are photovoltaic and wind generation. With the decrease in the prices of photovoltaic modules and Power Conditioning Units (PCU) for the generation of photovoltaic energy and the application of an adequate energy policy, the country has attracted public and private investments for the use of solar energy. Thus, the present work conducts a study on the economic contribution of a distributed minigeneration system, from a 2,408 kWp photovoltaic plant, connected to a medium voltage electrical system, as well as evaluates its technical parameters. After running computer simulations using NREL's SAM software, with the distributed mini-generation in question, the consumer showed a reduction in consumption in the first year of 45.72%. In addition, the annual result obtained by simulation is 4,382,247 kWh of energy, a capacity factor (CF) of 20.7%, performance ratio (PR) of 82%, energy yield (Yf) of 1,817 kWh/kWp, Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of $3.51¢/kWh and a payback period of 4.6 years. Finally, after operating the photovoltaic plant for 8 months, from April to November, the following real technical and economic performance indicators were obtained in this period: energy production of 2,517,047 kWh, representing a difference of 4.73% in in relation to the theoretical energy production simulated in these months of operation, a capacity factor (CF) of 20.35%, performance ratio (PR) of 84.39%, energy yield (Yf) of 1,045.29 kWh/kWp and a reduction in consumption of the consumer unit of 45.21%.