CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERDISCIPLINARY PROJECTS ON THE CERRADO IN THE FINAL YEARS OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION: A PROPOSAL GUIDANCE GUIDE FOR THE PUBLIC NETWORK OF THE FEDERAL DISTRICT.
Environmental Education. Environmental Sciences. Interdisciplinarity. Projects. Cerrado.
Despite the problems present in public schools, interdisciplinarity can help the teaching-learning process, because it contextualizes school teaching and integrates the different areas of knowledge. In this sense, Environmental Sciences applied to school curriculum are also very promising for practices in Environmental Education (EE), particularly when they address the Cerrado. The research has the general objective of identifying the problems and analyzing the main challenges faced by teachers and the possibilities in carrying out EE projects on the Cerrado in an interdisciplinary approach in the final years of elementary education in public schools in the Federal District (DF). Schools were then selected whose Political Pedagogical Projects (PPPs) registered EE projects/actions on the Cerrado in 2018 in urban and rural schools. The research was carried out with 28 teachers from schools that had or did not have projects about the Cerrado in their PPP. A qualitative and quantitative survey was carried out of the situation of these schools, regarding the implementation of EE projects on the Cerrado biome, which guide leaders and teachers in order to optimize the implementation of these projects with a view to promoting approaches with an interdisciplinary orientation. Based on the teachers' reports and perceptions obtained based on a questionnaire, we sought to obtain data on the facilities and difficulties that occurred, thematic relationships and methodologies, in order to identify the main challenges and possible alternative facilitating actions for an interdisciplinary EE. The partial results indicated that the biggest challenges in carrying out EA projects on the Cerrado were related to the categories “resource”, “planning” and “interest”. It was identified that the most important and necessary aspects for EA Projects on the Cerrado to have an interdisciplinary approach, resulted from the greater frequency of items: integration between disciplines, project planning, encouraging cooperation and support from the management group. After the interview, the aspects most cited by teachers that could lead to a lack of interest in the Cerrado theme in school projects were: lack of knowledge about the topic, lack of support from the management team and the few public policies of the Federal District Education Department ( SEEDF). As ways to promote interest according to the participating teachers, we can mention: experiencing the Cerrado; understand the importance of the Cerrado; training with lectures; interested students seek support from other teachers, among other examples. As a final product of the research, a guidance guide was created in order to promote and facilitate the work of teachers in Environmental Education projects based on Environmental Sciences and an interdisciplinary approach for the Cerrado, by presenting the positive aspects as well as the difficulties for its achievement, thus contributing to overcoming the main existing barriers.