Efeito das interações fluido-estrutura sobre o torque no rotor de turbinas eólicas de eixo horizontal
Fluid-structure interaction. Aeroelasticity. Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine. Unidirectional
coupling. Bidirectional coupling.
The growing demand for renewable energy has incentivized the development of advanced
wind technologies, leading to the design of larger and more efficient turbines. However, the
increase in size and complexity of these turbines introduces new challenges in both their
design and the simulation of their aerodynamic and structural behavior. In this context,
this thesis will address the study of fluid-structure interaction in large-scale wind turbines
through the implementation and validation of advanced numerical models. These models,
in addition to considering aerodynamic effects, will include a detailed model of the interaction
between the blades and the tower, a critical aspect for assessing the performance and
structural durability of the turbines.
This research focuses on the development and validation of a fluid-structure interaction
system, specifically aimed at analyzing wind turbines. The introduction of this coupling
tool will enable the effective integration of interactions between aerodynamic forces and
structural loads on the rotor, facilitating a more precise analysis of the turbine’s performance.
So far, preliminary results have highlighted the importance of considering the geometry of
the tower in the aerodynamic behavior of the rotor, even without accounting for the elasticity
of the rotor blades. The simulations reveal the existence of peaks in power generation, as
well as a drop in power when the blades pass in front of the tower, suggesting a significant
influence of the structure on overall performance. These findings, although not definitive,
raise new research questions about the relationship between the tower geometry and the
torque produced by the turbine.
Additionally, the developed coupling tool, which employs the preCICE library to manage
data exchange between fluid and structural domains, has been validated. This advancement
represents an important step towards the implementation of more complex models that can
provide more accurate results in future research. It is expected that this work will contribute
to a better understanding of the dynamics of wind turbines and to the optimization of their
design.